Title: Paul Ewald
Dates: 1905-1980
Collection Number: 10148
Quantity: 7 feet + oversize
Abstract: Correspondence, printed material, subject files, reports, studies, and notes relating to Indians, archeology, administration of the State Historical Society of North Dakota, historic sites, natural history, research, and personal and business affairs. Collection includes the diary and transcript of Joe Flying Eagle, 1913-1959.
Provenance: The Paul Ewald Papers were donated to the State Historical Society of North Dakota by his brother Carl Ewald in April 1982.
Property rights: The State Historical Society of North Dakota owns the property rights to this collection.
Copyrights: Copyrights to this collection remain with the donor, publisher, author, or author's heirs. Researchers should consult the 1976 Copyright Act, Public Law 94-553, Title 17, U.S. Code or an archivist at this repository if clarification of copyright requirements is needed.
Access: This collection is open under the rules and regulations of the State Historical Society of North Dakota.
Citation: Researchers are requested to cite the collection, title, collection number, and the State Historical Society of North Dakota all bibliographic references.
Transfer: Photographs have been transferred to the Photograph Collection 00086. Archaeological site files were transferred to Archaeology and Historic Preservation Division. Files involving the State Historical Society of North Dakota Board were transferred to state agency series 30206.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Paul Ewald was born to Theophil and Karolina Luise Herzog Ewald on September 21, 1911 in Hebron, ND. His mother was born July 9, 1880 in Neustadt Germany. She received her education in Germany, finishing at Heidelberg University where her father, Carl Herzog was professor of languages. She was married to Theo Ewald in Germany and moved to Hebron in 1904. Paul was the oldest of four children, having two brothers, Carl and Philip, and one sister, Esther. He attended high school in Hebron and went on to Dickinson State College and the University of Minnesota. He worked for the Occident Elevator Co. in Almont, New Salem and later as manager in Bismarck. He was mayor of New Salem. He worked for Knife River Coal Co. in Bismarck and Mutual Service Insurance Co., St. Paul.
Ewald served as President of the State Historical Society Board from 1963-1965 when State Parks and the State Historical Society were one agency. He was involved in the early stages of state acquisition of various historic sites and worked with the National Park Service on the establishment of the Knife River Indian Villages and Fort Union as national parks. Ewald chaired various subcommittees of the State Historical Society Board including the North Dakota Archaeological Board, 1964-1966, the State Legislative Committee and the Museum Committee. He was appointed by Governor William L. Guy as Chairman of the North Dakota Lewis and Clark Trail Commission and was a member of the National Lewis and Clark Trail Commission.
He was an avid collector of information on Native American culture, language, stories, artifacts and historic sites. He photographed thousands of artifacts and sites and these images are in Photo Collection 00086 along with portraits of Native Americans that he identified with the assistance of members of the Three Affiliated Tribes.
Ewald was a driving force in raising awareness of the need to protect archaeological sites and in developing policy for site protection. He worked closely with archaeologists and historians from the Smithsonian, National Park Service, and many universities and state historical societies across the country.
He served eight years as a city planner for New Town in the 1970s. In 1975 he was one of the first recipients of the national Peace Pipe Award for outstanding service to the American Indian presented by the Economic Development Association.
Ewald was honored in the 1950s for his efforts toward establishment of Camp Sakakawea Girl Scout camp.
On June 18, 1938, Ewald was married to Leda Christianson of Almont. They had a daughter, Karolyn, and a son Gerome F. “Bud” Ewald. Leda died in 1951. Bud died in 1962 while serving in the Marine Corps.
Paul Ewald died April 6, 1982 in Bismarck.
BOX / FOLDER INVENTORY
Series One: Correspondence
Box 1:
1 Adamson, Lee 1962-1965
2 Antiquities Law 1960-1970
3 Baker, Howard 1963-1973
4 Black, Glenn A. 1944-1963
5 Bowers, Alfred 1964-1978
6 Brew, J. O. 1964-1966
7 Buffalo Trails Museum 1968-1969
8 Burdick, Quentin N. 1966-1976
9 Connolly, James B. 1959-1979
10 Cory, Bob 1967-1969
11 Crow Flies High, Rose 1975-1978
12 Cutright, Paul 1968-1969
13 Davis, John E. 1956-1968
14 Dollar, Clyde and J. S. Harrington 1966-1967
15 Driver, Alfred 1969
16 Economic Development – Three Affiliated Tribes 1968-1979
17 Eide, Ingvard Henry 1966-1970
18 Engel, Austin 1968-1969
19 Ewald, Gerome F. “Bud” 1956-1965
20 Ewald, Karolyn 1961-1962
21 Ewers, John C. 1972-1973
22 Fenstermaker, Gerald 1971
23 Fisher, Sherry R. 1965-1967
24 Flying Eagle, Joe 1935-1954
25 Guy, William L. 1963-1969
26 Hamlin, Vincent T. 1956
27 Harder, Duane 1969-1974
28 Hawley, James T. 1966-1967
29 Heritage Commission 1963-1964
30 Highway Corridor 1967
31 Hjelle, Walter 1964-1970
32 Jacobson, Rod 1968-1970
33 Joslyn Art Museum 1963-1976
34 Jaeger, Joseph 1967
35 Kyl, John 1954-1967
36 Lakoduk, Fred R. 1966-1969
37 Leonard, Kenneth O. 1962-1971
38 Little Crow, John 1951, 1956
39 Little Soldier, August 1968-1969
40 Mateer, Curtis B. 1965-1967
41 Mattes, Merrill J. 1965-1970
42 Minnesota Historical Society 1962-1964
43 Olson, Gordon 1967-1968
44 Quackenbush, Helen 1958-1963
45 Reinhardt, Jerry 1963-1967
46 Robinson, Sheila 1969-1975
47 Schafer, Harold 1962-1967
48 Smithsonian 1946-1968
49 State Historical Society of North Dakota Archaeological Board 1964-1966
50 Stevenson, Robert L. 1965-1969
51 Stuart, Russ 1968-1969
52 Tanner, Ray 1968-1975
53 Taylor, Colin 1969-1977
54 Turpin, Babette 1957-1963
55 Woolworth, Alan R. 1953-1966
56 Young, Milton 1959-1970
57 Correspondence, Misc. 1955-1975
Series Two: Subject Files
Box 2:
1 Antiquities Law – articles 1964-1965
2 Antiquities Law – legislation 1964-1967
3 Archaeology – articles 1957-1975
4 Axe – espontoon 1968
5 Bad Gun 1967, n.d.
6 Benton, Thomas Hart 1966-1972, n.d.
7 Big White Village 1978
8 Bulls Eye – Family History Card n.d.
9 Charbonneau, Baptiste – articles 1970
10 Chase, Frank 1905, 1979
11 Coffrin’s Old West Gallery – letter 1973
12 Collection, Indian (sale of) – correspondence, lists 1962
13. Collection, Indian – Pricing 1962
14 Crow Flies High – news clippings, correspondence, articles 1931-1978
15 Custer 1948-1965
16 Dinosaur – correspondence, news clippings, Geological Survey circulars 1953-1965
17 Double Ditch – news clipping, two interpretive signs 1978
18 Driver Family 1971-1977
19 Eagle Nose Butte – letters, photos, negatives, transparencies 1966-1967
20 Earth Lodges – correspondence, drawings 1974
21 Fishhook – key to Martin Bears Arms Painting, photos news clippings, Plains Anthropologist article 1954-1972
22 Garrison Dam Spillway – photo, news clipping, map 1963
23 Genealogies – Mandan n.d.
24 Grinnell, Mattie 1969-1975
25 Grinnell, Mattie (cont)
26 Highway Salvage 1959-1967
27 Huff Site 1959
28 Indian Information, General
29 Indians, Misc.
30. Knife River Villages 1971-1981
31 Leavenworth – Sully 1962
32 Mandan Ark – Lone Man Shrine - correspondence, photos 1964-1971
33 Mandan Medicine Bundle – inventory by J. H. Howard n.d.
34 Mannhaven 1978-1979
35 Manuel Lisa Site – correspondence, maps, photos 1966-1971
36 Maximilian and Bodmer 1966-1979
37 Medals – correspondence, publications 1961-1968
Box 3:
1 Mounds 1964
2 North Dakota Trading Posts 1964
3 Pioneers, Frontier 1976, n.d.
4 Pipes, Medicine 1976, n.d.
5 Place Names, etc. 1967-1968
6 Plains Conference 1964
7 Powerhouse Salvage 1968
8 Rock Haven – news clipping 1967
9 Sakakawea 1965-1978
10. Sakakawea Bridge – letters, legislation 1970-1973
11 Lake Sakakawea Association 1969
12 Scouting – Great Plains Area Council 1971-1972
13 Sequoia Stumps 1970-1975
14 Sitting Crow 1975, n.d.
15 Speeches 1963-1968
16 Star Village – drawing, list of residents in 1863
17 State Historical Society of North Dakota By-Laws 1963
18 State Historical Society of North Dakota Legislation n.d.
19 Steamboats 1927-1976
20 Stone, John Sr. (Medicine Stone) 1974-1975
21 Strong Jaw Village – letter, news clippings, photos 1975
22 Three Tribes Museum Articles of Incorporation 1962-1971
23 Three Tribes Museum Cases, etc. 1969-1975
24 Three Tribes Museum Correspondence 1968-1975
25 Three Tribes Museum Financial Statements 1970-1975
26 Three Tribes Museum List of Veterans 1968
27 Three Tribes Museum Minutes 1968-1975
28 Three Tribes Museum Misc. 1967-1975
29 Three Tribes Museum Misc. 1956-1967
30 Three Tribes Museum Remodel 1970
31 Waterbuster Bundle – letter, article, photo, news clipping 1960-1972
32 Wheeler-Howard Indian Act of 1934
33 White Earth Creek Site – article 1968
34 Whitman, Carl, Executive Director of United Tribes of ND 1972
35 Wilde Indian Bundle – correspondence 1966-1967
Lewis and Clark Trail
36 Adair, Paul – Kansas 1966-1968
37 David Brinkley’s Journal – Lewis and Clark Documentary 1964
38 Ding Darling Foundation 1963-1964
39 Great River Road 1964-1967
40 Homer-Decatur, Nebraska – National Park Site 1967
41 Lewis and Clark articles, brochures 1955-1966, n.d.
42 Lewis and Clark Bureau of Outdoor Recreation Report 1964-1965
43 Lewis and Clark Motion Picture 1965
44 Lewis and Clark Trail Commission 1963-1966
45 Lewis and Clark Trail Commission 1967-1976
46 Lewis and Clark Trail Commission Membership 1964-1966
Box 4:
1 Lewis and Clark Trail Commission Minutes 1962-1968
2 Lewis and Clark Trail Commission – North Dakota Reports 1965-1968
3 Lewis and Clark Trail Commission Reports 1966
4 Lewis and Clark Trail Commission Signage 1967
5 Lewis and Clark Trail Council By-laws 1970-1975
6 Lewis and Clark Trail Council Correspondence 1964-1977
7 Lewis and Clark Trail Council Minutes 1966-1974
8 Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation1975-1980
9 Lewis and Clark Trail Publicity1963-1969
10 Old West Trail 1965-1966
11 Sakakawea 1963-1965
12 U.S.S. Lewis and Clark Nuclear Submarine 1967-1968
13 Garrison Dam Additional Recreation Facilities 1963
14 North Dakota Garrison-Oahe Inter Agency Council 1963-1979
15 Yellowstone-Missouri Confluence Commission 1960-1967
Three Affiliated Tribes
16 Community Action Program New Town Audit Report 1966-1967
17 Audit Report Three Affiliated Tribes Project No. 06-1-00676.1 and 05-1-00676.1 1972
18 Audit Reports Three Affiliated Tribes, Inc. Industrial Development Division 1973-1974
19 Audit Report Three Affiliated Tribes Project No. 05-01-0677.2 1974
20 Audit Reports Fort Berthold Utilities Commission 1973-1974
21 Audit Reports Four Bears Motor Lodge 1973
22 Progress Report: Economic Development Division of the Three Affiliated Tribes, Inc. 1968-1969
23 Annual Report of the Industrial Development Commission – Three Affiliated Tribes, 1973
24 Industrial Development Commission Agendas 1972-1973
25 Community Action Project (CAP) applications, budget, misc. 1969, n.d.
26 CAP Community Action Agency Basic Information 1965, 1969, n.d.
27 CAP Correspondence 1968-1971
28 CAP Progress Report 1970-1971
29 Community Development Block Grant – New Town 1976-1978
30 Community Development Block Grant – Stanley 1978
Box 5:
1 Application for Neighborhood Facilities Grant Part I & II Three Affiliated Tribes Binder #1 1971
2 Application for Neighborhood Facilities Grant Part I & II Three Affiliated Tribes Binder #2 1971
3 Application for Neighborhood Facilities Grant Part I & II Three Affiliated Tribes Binder #3 1971
4 Application for Neighborhood Facilities Grant Part I & II White Shields 1969
5 Fort Berthold Reservation Primitive Camp and Park Area 1972
6 Operation of the 4 Bears Motor Lodge and Recreation Park A Management and Training Proposal March 1975
7 A Proposal to Perform an Economic Feasibility and Planning Study for the Fort Berthold Tribal Council of a Power Generation Project April 1971
8 “Relocation and Social Organization on the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota,” by James Baltaxe 1967
9 Investment Opportunities on the Fort Berthold Reservation N. Dakota
10 Final Report Training and Management Services Contracts 4 Bears Motor Lodge 1975
11 “A Few Suggestions for Community Development,” by Frank X. Morin n.d.
12 Fort Berthold History and Short History of Fort Berthold by Ralph M. Shane July 1956 photocopies
13 Specifications and Scope for Nine Hole Golf Course Construction New Town, North Dakota 1978
14 Arikara articles Melvin Gilmore 1925-1931
15 Mandan Hidatsa 1965, n.d.
16 Mandan Genealogy c. 1875
17 Research File Mandan, Hidatsa, Arikara n.d.
18 “North Dakota Rocks and Minerals,” by Gordon L. Bell, 1967
19 Quarterly Progress Report National Park Service Activities with the Cooperation of the Smithsonian Institution (Missouri Basin Archaeological Studies) July-Sept. 1964
20 Mantani: A History of Mandan and Morton County 1738-1964
21 A Record of Interments at the Fort Buford Dakota Territory Post Cemetery 1866-1895 1971
22 Bob Cory Tumbling Around the Prairies columns 1963-1979
Box 6:
1 Karolyn Ewald D.A.R. Good Citizen Award 1957
2 Karolyn Ewald Girl Scouts
3 Karolyn Ewald Girls State 1956
4 Karolyn Ewald Order of the Rainbow 1953-1957
5 Karolyn Ewald School 1951-1958
6 Karolyn Ewald Correspondence 1954-1961
7 Karolyn Ewald Correspondence 1962
8 Karolyn and Eddie Fisher Correspondence 1963-1968
9 Bud Ewald Boy Scouts 1951, 1953
10 Bud Ewald Boys State 1956
11 Bud Ewald Correspondence 1955-1961
12 Bud Ewald Correspondence 1963
13 Bud Ewald Marines 1959-1961
14 Bud Ewald School 1952-1958
15 Scrapbook Clippings 1948-1960
16 Scrapbook Clippings 1961-1963
17 Scrapbook Clippings 1964-1965
18 Scrapbook Clippings 1966-1968
19 Scrapbook Clippings 1969-1972
20 Scrapbook Clippings 1973-1975
21 Scrapbook Clippings 1976-1979
Box 1: Joe Flying Eagle Diaries
1 Three page typescript, 9 August-13 September, 1913. How.., original also covers 1914
2 Original diary-typescripts cover period 1 January 1915 to 10 August 1917
3 Original diary-typescript covers 1 January 1919 to January 1920.
4 Original diary-typescript covers 1 January 1920 to 22 January 1921.
5 Original diary-typescript covers 1 January 1923 to 31 December 1923.
6 Original diary-early entries not in order-Date range 2 Jan. 1924 to 20 March 1929. Main typescript begins on page 3 and runs 23 August 1926 to 26 August 1927.
7 Original diary-no typescript. Diary runs 1 April 1929 to 31 December 1932.
8 Original diary-no typescript. Diary runs 1 January 1933 to 8 July 1935. Pages from 29 November 1933 to 24 April 1934 missing.
9 Original diary-typescript covers 1 January 1936 to 2 January 1937.
10 Original diary-typescript covers 1 January 1938 to 31 January 1939.
11 Original diary-typescript covers 7 January 1941 to 31 December 1941.
12 Original diary-typescript covers 1 January 1942 to13 January 1943.
13 Original diary-typescript covers 1 January 1943 to 29 February 1944.
14 Original diary-typescript covers 1 March 1944 to 19 March 1945.
15 Original diary-typescript covers 20 March 1945 to 28 February 1946.
16 Two original diaries-typescript covers 1 March 1946 to 1 June 1947.
17 Original diary-typescript covers 2 June 1947 to 31 December 1947.
18 No original-typescript covers 1 January to 31 December 1948.
19 Original diary for 1948-49-typescript covers 1 January to 31 December 1949.
20 2 original diaries-typescript covers 1 January to 30 December 1950.
21 Original diary and 1 loose page-typescript covers 1 January to 31 December 1951.
22 Original diary-no typescript-1952.
23 Original diary for 1952-typescript runs January to 25 July 1954 with several blank pages.
24 Original diary for 1955-no typescript.
25 Original diary covering 21 April-24 September 1959-no typescript.
26 [Folder title: " J. F. Eagle-misc."] Misc. fragments of diaries.
Reel-to-reel tape: Bill McCombs on Just farm
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