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Chronicling America

Manuscripts by Subject - Family / Local History - #10114

Title: Edith Wakeman-Hughes Papers

Dates: 1864-1957

Collection Number: MSS 10114

Quantity: 13 feet

Abstract: Consists of correspondence, telegrams, literary manuscripts, scrapbooks, financial records, ephemera, maps, and printed material. Papers relate to Hughes' work with the American Red Cross, the Navy League of the United States, business and family affairs, the U.S.S. North Dakota, Edmund A. Hughes, women's organizations, charity work on behalf of the blind, politics, and business dealing with Walt Disney paintings and illustrations.

Provenance: The State Historical Society of North Dakota acquired the Edith Wakeman-Hughes Papers from Hartley L. Weingartner on July 29, 1959.  This collection was processed and the inventory prepared by Karen Mund, Grace Wanttaja, and Kari Rombs Kohlhoff, in August 1988.

Property Rights: The State Historical Society of North Dakota owns the property rights to this collection.

Copyrights: Hartley L. Weingartner has dedicated such copyrights as he possesses in this collection to the public. Consideration of all other copyrights is the responsibility of the researcher.

Access: This collection is open under the rules and regulations of the State Historical Society of North Dakota.

Citation:  Researchers are requested to cite the collection title, collection number, and the State Historical Society of North Dakota in all footnote and bibliographic references.

Transfer: One-half foot of publications such as books, booklets, bulletins, and magazines, were transferred to the library.

Two ribbons for the Reception Committee to the President of the United States, 1919, were offered to the Museum Division of the SHSND in September 2016.

One photograph was transferred to the Montana State Archives in September 30, 2016.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

Edith Adele Wakeman, philanthropist and socialite, was born on May 21, ca. 1876-1879, in Rochester, New York.  The only child of Bismarck pioneer residents, James David and Josephine Warner Wakeman, Edith grew up in Bismarck and attended Bismarck schools. She later attended Carleton College in Northfield, Minnesota.  From 1897 to 1900 she held several clerical positions in Bismarck:  with the U.S. Surveyor General's office, 1897-1898; the Secretary of State's office, 1898-1899; the State Treasurer's office, 1899; and with the State Land Commissioner's office, 1900.

On June 13, 1900, in the Episcopal Church in Bismarck, Edith A. Wakeman married Edmond Alexander Hughes, a pioneer of electric power development within North Dakota.  Among Edmond Hughes' interests were lignite mining; telephone communications; construction of hotels, theaters, apartment buildings, and garages; state and local politics--he served in the state legislature from 1913 to 1915; and various causes such as the Missouri Valley Council of the Boy Scouts of America.  Edith and Edmond did not have children; they were divorced after less than forty years of marriage. Edmond A. Hughes died on October 9, 1970.

Perhaps best known for her work on behalf of the blind, Edith Wakeman-Hughes' interest in such work was sparked by her own experience:  in 1934 she lost her sight to cataracts. At Christmas time in 1939, she sent five hundred colorful clay piggy banks to friends, asking them to fill the banks with "A Penny a Day to Keep Darkness Away".  Responses were numerous and the money was used by the Braille Institute of America to bring Braille to blind people across the nation.  Mrs. Wakeman-Hughes then conceived the idea of a "super piggy bank" to collect money for the Braille Institute.  From prize-winning photographs of pigs at Minnesota county fairs, and with a five-week-old piglet as a model, sculptors Evelyn and Harold Gebhardt created "Aurora", so named for the Roman goddess of dawn.  Aurora was unveiled in August of 1944 at the Farmers Market in Los Angeles, California.  In 1949, the same year the Aurora/Braille Institute float won first prize in Class "C" of the Pasadena Tournament of Roses parade, surgery restored Edith's sight. Over a period of eighteen years from 1939 to 1957, Mrs. Wakeman-Hughes helped to raise over $90,000 for the Braille Institute while covering over $15,000 in expenses herself.  She also served on the Institute's Board of Trustees.

The Braille Institute of America was not the only charity supported by Mrs. Wakeman-Hughes. During World War I she was involved with the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief. In 1918 she applied for service with the American Red Cross and was recommended for Hospital Hut duty in France, though it is not known whether she was actually sent.  Edith was also a longtime fund-raiser for the United China Relief Association.

In 1939 Edith began handling Walt Disney Productions originals.  During that year she was commissioned, one of over twenty individuals and galleries nationwide, by Courvoisier Galleries of San Francisco to sell Walt Disney Productions original celluloid paintings.  Courvoisier Galleries was the sole, legal distributor of the limited number of issued "celluloids" or "cells" used in creating Disney films.  Edith received a commission of forty per cent of the sale price of each "cell", and this she often donated to charity.

Writing was another interest of Edith Wakeman-Hughes.  In addition to composing poems and "tales", presumably for her own pleasure, she penned a "pocket edition" book.  Motoring in White from Dakota to Cape Cod was published in 1917; it chronicled the trip taken by her and her husband during the summer of 1915 or 1916 from Bismarck to Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and back.  Her article on a New York City roof garden was published in the September 1917 issue of the "The Vogue".  She also assisted other authors in publishing their works.

Before she began dividing her time between North Dakota and California, Mrs. Wakeman-Hughes was an active Bismarck and North Dakota resident.  Edith served as the Navy and (Theodore) Roosevelt Day state chairperson for several years during the 1920s.  A member of the Bismarck Country Club in the 1910s and 1920s, she served on its tournament and house furnishings committees and assisted in procuring land for the club.  She, along with her husband, was also active in state and national Republican politics.

When she was not busy with business, charitable, or political affairs, Edith Wakeman-Hughes enjoyed many other activities.  She traveled extensively throughout her life, touring parts of Europe, Asia, Africa, the United States, and Canada.  She played golf and tennis, winning several loving cups for her efforts.  Mrs. Wakeman-Hughes was also a popular hostess.

On June 20, 1957, after a long illness, Edith Wakeman-Hughes died in Los Angeles, California.  Funeral services and burial took place in California.

Sources:

The Bismarck Capital, March 3, 1936, p. 4.

The Bismarck Tribune, June 24, 1940, p. 1; March 21, 1944, p. 1; September 11, 1944, p. 2; June 28, 1957, p. 13; October 9, 1970, pp. 1, 13.

Edith Wakeman-Hughes Papers, 1864-1957, 13 ft., 10114.

SCOPE AND CONTENT

The Edith Wakeman-Hughes Papers date from 1864 to 1957, the bulk of material dating from the 1900s through the 1940s, and measure 13 ft.  This collection documents the life and activities of Edith Wakeman-Hughes, and to a lesser extent, those of her husband, Edmond A. Hughes, and her parents, James D. and Josephine Warner Wakeman.  This collection consists of subject files and scrapbooks.

The subject files date from 1864 to 1957, the bulk of files dating from the 1900s to the 1940s, and measure 10 1/4 ft.  Contained in the subject files are several address books, bills and receipts, brochures, broadsides, budget books, business cards, greeting cards, clippings, correspondence, a diary, decals, invitations, two daily journals, several manuscripts, maps, a marriage certificate, pamphlets, paper dolls probably dating from the late 1800s, a passport, poems, programs, reports, film scripts and synopses, sketches, speeches, telegrams, and one oversize folder.  Subjects of interest include the Atheneum of Bismarck; Aurora, the pig; Bismarck Auditorium; Braille Institute of America; Walt Disney Productions; James W. Foley; the Hotel Prince of Bismarck; Edith's marriage plans; Motoring in White; politics; and the Roosevelt family.  The subject files are arranged alphabetically by keyword.

The scrapbooks date from 1912 to 1945 and measure 2 3/4 ft.  The seven scrapbooks contain greeting cards, clippings, correspondence, invitations, photographs, programs; publications; and telegrams.  Scrapbook subjects include Aurora, the pig; the Braille Institute; James Wakeman's 88th and 89th birthdays; Josephine Wakeman's death; and the Wakeman's 65th wedding anniversary.  Arrangement is alphabetical by keyword.

BOX / FOLDER INVENTORY

Scrapbooks

Box 1:
1. Aurora the Pig Scrapbook 1944
2. Braille Institute of America Scrapbook 1939-1944
3. Christmas Cards Scrapbook 1939
4. Clippings Scrapbook 1925-1936
5. Wakeman, James D., Birthday Scrapbook 1938-1939                                    
6. Wakeman, Josephine, Death, Scrapbook  1940                                             
7. Wakeman, M/M, 65th Anniversary Scrapbook  1939                                           

Box 11:
16. Aurora the Pig Scrapbook Inserts 1944                                             
17. Aurora the Pig Scrapbook Inserts 1944-1945                                    
18. Braille Institute of America Scrapbook Insert  1912-1940                                  
19. Christmas Cards Scrapbook Inserts 1939-1943                                    
20. Clippings Scrapbook Inserts 1920-1939                                    
21. Wakeman, James D., Birthday Scrapbook Inserts  1938-1939                           
22. Wakeman, Josphine, Death Scrapbook 1932-1941                                    

Subject Files

Box 1:
1. Adair, Robin 1894-1897
2. Address Book
3. Address Book
4. Address Book, Bachelors in Hollywood
5. Addresses
6. Atheneum Programs 1890-1900
7. Aurora the Pig 1939-1947
8. Aurora the Pig 1948-1952
9. Aurora the Pig Report 1946-1948
10. Aurora the Pig Statements 1945-1950
11. Aurora the Pig Third Birthday Telegrams 1947
12. Aurora the Pig Tournament of Roses Float 1949
13. Ballet Russe and Col. de Basil Party 1937-1938
14. Barnebetta Script
15. Barrymore, John and Ethel, Clippings 1918-1942
16. Bills and Receipts, Miscellaneous 1923-1957
17. Bismarck Auditorium Programs 1914
18. Bismarck Auditorium Programs 1915
19. Bismarck Auditorium Programs 1916                                             
20. Bismarck Auditorium Programs 1917-1919                                    
21. Bismarck Auditorium Programs 1920-1923                                    
22. Bismarck Auditorium Programs 1920-1925                                    
23. Bismarck Auditorium Programs 1923-1930                                    
24. Bismarck Country Club 1915-1920                                    
25. Bismarck Country Club Golf  1914-1918                                    
26. Bismarck Country Club Membership 1922                                             
27. Bismarck Country Club Records 1915-1918                                    
28. Bismarck Country Club Tennis 1913-1915                                    
29. Bismarck Pageant 1921                                             

Box 2:
1. Bismarck to Hollywood Trip 1931                                             
2. Bracelet, Lost  1950                                             
3. Braille Institute of America Arrangement 1940                                             
4. Braille Institute of America, Building 1946                                             
5. Braille Institute of America, Correspondence 1944-1948                                    
6. Braille Institute of America, Pig Banker 1939-1947                                    
7. Braille Institute of America, Pig Banker 1940-1949                                    
8. Brochures 1916-1952                                    
9. Burton, Helen 1943-1944                                    
10. Business Cards                                                              
11. California and New Mexico, Tours of 1930                                             
12. Cannes Program of Events 1929
13. Chiang Kai-Shek, Madame, Address 1943
14. Chateau Elysee/Fifield Manor
15. Check Register, Chase National Bank, NY 1940-1942
16. Check Register, First National, Bismarck 1940
17. Check Register, First Nat'l, Los Angeles 1944-1947                                    
18. Check Register, Security 1st Los Angeles 1940-1943                                    
19. Cherbourg and Southampton, Tours of 1926                                             
20. Cherbourg and Southampton, Tours of 1930                                             
21. China Relief Association, United 1941                                             
22. Chinese Dynasty Throne Room Rug 1920                                             
23. Christmas Cards 1926                                             
24. Christmas Cards 1927                                             
25. Christmas Cards 1928-1929                                    
26. Christmas Cards 1930-1934                                    
27. Budget Book 1937                                             
28. Budget Book 1940                                             
29. Budget Book 1941                                             
30. Car Account Book 1931-1941                                    

Box 3:
1. Christmas Cards 1936-1953                                    
2. Christmas Cards                                                                                                     
3. Christmas Cards and Gifts Lists 1917-1938                                    
4. Christmas Cards and Gifts Lists 1939-1944                                    
5. Clippings 1918                                             
6. Clippings 1912-1922                                    
7. Clippings 1915-1922                                    
8. Clippings 1916-1928
9. Clippings 1928-1938                                    
10. Clippings 1920-1944                                    
11. Clippings 1916-1945                                    
12. Clippings 1913-1946                                    
13. Clippings 1922-1946                                    
14. Clippings 1937-1946                                    
15. Clippings 1908-1949                                    
16. Clippings 1916-1950
17. Correspondence and Phrases, Record of 1908-1910                                    
18. Correspondence, Incoming 1894-1899                                    
19. Correspondence, Incoming 1903-1914                                    
20. Correspondence, Incoming 1915-1919                                    
21. Correspondence, Incoming 1920-1924

Box 4:
1. Correspondence, Incoming 1925-1926                                    
2. Correspondence, Incoming 1927                                             
3. Correspondence, Incoming 1928                                             
4. Correspondence, Incoming 1928-1929                                    
5. Correspondence, Incoming 1930-1933                                    
6. Correspondence, Incoming 1933                                             
7. Correspondence, Incoming 1933-1934                                    
8. Correspondence, Incoming 1934-1937                                    
9. Correspondence, Incoming 1938-1939                                    
10. Correspondence, Incoming 1940-1942                                    
11. Correspondence, Incoming 1945-1947                                    
12. Correspondence, Incoming 1948-1949                                    
13. Correspondence, Incoming 1950-1956
14. Correspondence, Incoming
15. Correspondence, Incoming
16. Correspondence, Incoming
17. Correspondence, Incoming

Box 5:
1. Correspondence, Incoming from Edmond 1926-1927
2. Correspondence, Incoming from Parents 1926-1933
3. Correspondence, Incoming from Parents
4. Correspondence, Incoming Miscellaneous
5. Correspondence, Outgoing 1916-1919
6. Correspondence, Outgoing 1920-1929                                    
7. Correspondence, Outgoing 1932-1948                                    
8. Correspondence, Outgoing
9. Correspondence, Outgoing to Edmond 1920                                             
10. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1895-1897                                    
11. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1898-1899                                    
12. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1900                                             
13. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1901-1904                                    
14. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1905-1911                                    
15. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1912-1919                                    
16. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1920-1927                                    
17. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1928-1929                                    
18. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1930-1931                                    
19. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents 1932-1940                                    

Box 6:
1. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
2. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
3. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
4. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
5. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
6. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
7. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
8. Correspondence, Outgoing to Parents                                                                   
9. Cuba, Tour of  1903                                             
17. Diary 1952                                             

Disney, Walt

10. Christmas Cards 1932-1947                                    
11. Clayburgh, Alma 1940-1942                                    
12. Clippings 1941-1942                                    
13. Coral Casino 1939-1941                                    
14. Courvoisier Galleries 1939                                             
15. Courvoisier Galleries 1940                                             
16. Courvoisier Galleries 1941-1942                                    

Box 7:
1. Disney, Walt, Correspondence 1933-1940                                    
2. Fairbanks, William K. 1940-1941                                    
3. Lilly, Rachel (Mrs. Richard) 1939-1941                                    
4. Paintings, Originals 1939-1940                                    
5. Paintings, Originals, Consignments 1940-1941                                    
6. Paintings, Originals, Expenses 1939                                             
7. Paintings, Originals, Expenses 1940                                             
8. Paintings, Originals, Expenses 1941                                             
9. Paintings, Originals, Expenses 1942                                             
10. Paintings, Originals, Sales 1939                                             
11. Paintings, Originals, Sales 1940-1943                                    
12. Social Service Gift Shop 1939-1940                                    
13. Walsh, Clara Bell 1942                                             
14. Weyerhaeriser, Mrs. F. E. 1939-1942                                    
15. Donahue, Lester 1937-1939                                    
16. Douglas Family Clippings 1927-1928                                    
17. "Ellen Young" Script
18. Entertainment Party Lists 1912-1945                                    
19. Entertainment Party Lists 1940-1946                                    
20. Financial Information 1930-1957                                    
21. Finnish Relief 1939-1940                                    
22. Foley, James W. 1912-1917                                    
23. Foley, James W. 1918                                             
24. Foley, James W. 1919-1924                                    
25. France, Tour of 1928                                             
26. Fraunces Tavern, New York City 1907                                             
27. French Grammar 1906-1907                                    
28. Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Tours of 1912                                             
29. Golf, Score Cards and Programs 1915                                             
30. Great Lake Cruise 1918                                             
31. Greeting Cards 1931-1933                                    
32. Greeting Cards 1938-1944                                    
33. Greeting Cards 1906-1948                                    

Box 8:
1. Greeting Cards 1929-1948                                    
2. Greeting Cards 1907-1953                                    
3. Greeting Cards 1930-1953                                    
4. Head, Edith 1945                                             
5. Hoffman, Ed and Erna 1927                                             
6. "Hollywood Houseboy", Amando Acuin 1936                                             
7. "Hollywood Houseboy", Amando Acuin                                                              
8. Hotel Decals                                                                                                          
9. Hotel Prince 1926                                             
10. Hotel Prince 1930                                             
11. Hotel Prince and Lucky Lindy Light 1927-1929                                    
12. Hotel Prince Publicity 1926-1928                                    
13. Hotel Prince Redecorating 1926                                             
14. Hotel Prince Redecorating Swatches                                                                  
15. Hotel Prince Remodeling 1926                                             
16. Hughes Alliance, National, Campaign Train 1916                                            
17. Hughes, Edmond, Correspondence 1921-1928                                    
18. Hughes Electric Stockholders Meeting 1925                                             
19. Hughes Family History 1938                                             
20. Invitations 1902-1949                                    
21. Itinerary for Stevens, Fonda 1919                                             
22. Journal 1904-1910                                    
23. Journal                                                                                                                  
24. Kackley, Olive, Biographical Material 1950                                             
25. Karlsbad Regime 1928
26. Longworth, Alice 1921-1928
27. Marriage Plans 1900
28. Mediterranean Cruise 1924
29. Mediterranean Cruise 1924
30. Miscellaneous 1909-1931
31. Morse Code
32. Motoring in White 1915-1933
33. Motoring in White Diary 1915
34. Motoring in White Drafts

Box 9:
1. Motoring in White Travel Brochures 1912-1915
2. Motoring in White Travel Brochures 1915
3. Motoring in White Travel Brochures 1915-1916
4. Motoring in White Travel Brochures 1915-1916                                    
5. Motoring in White Travel Brochures 1915-1916                                    
6. Navy and Roosevelt Day 1922-1923                                    
7. Navy and Roosevelt Day 1923                                             
8. Navy and Roosevelt Day 1923-1926                                    
9. Navy and Roosevelt Day 1927                                             
10. Nestos, R. A., Governor 1923                                             
11. "New Clothes for Old", Goulding, Edmund   1917-1918                                   
12. Nursing Care 1949                                             
13. Olympiad, Tenth 1932                                             
14. Pamphlets 1924-1927
15. Paper Dolls
16. Paper Dolls
17. Paper Dolls
18. Paper Dolls
19. Paper Dolls
20. Paper Dolls
21. Paper Dolls
22. Paper Dolls
23. Paper Dolls
24. Paper Dolls
25. Paper Dolls
26. Paper Dolls
27. Paper Dolls
28. Passport  1928
29. Personages for Memory Book
30. Piano Tuning Record 1924-1927
31. Poems
32. Poems and Lyrics 1930
33. Politics 1919-1921
34. Politics 1921-1922

Box 10:
1. Politics 1922
2. Politics 1921-1923
3. Politics 1923-1939                                    
4. Politics Clippings 1922-1946                                    
5. Pons, Lily, Breakfast 1941                                             
6. Pons, Lily, Clippings 1940-1949                                    
7. Pons, Lily, Party 1943-1945                                    
8. Programs 1881-1903                                    
9. Programs 1912-1916                                    
10. Programs 1917-1926                                    
11. Programs 1932-1946                                    
12. Recipes
13. Red Cross 1918
14. Riter, Joe 1917-1918
15. Roosevelt, Eleanor
16. Roosevelt Family Clippings
17. Roosevelt, Theodore 1900-1922
18. S.S. America Menu 1941
19. St. Alexius Hospital Directory 1924-1926
20. School, Hughes Junior and Senior Lists
21. Silver Service, Battleship North Dakota 1923-1926
22. Sketches 1924
23. Speeches 1918-1925
24. "Spring Has Come"
25. "Strange Adventures of Johnnie Whittle"                                                           
26. Sulgrave Institution 1924-1925                                    
27. Summer Tours Brochures 1898                                             
28. Tales 1923-1933                                    
29. Telegrams 1915-1940                                    
30. "The House of Troon" Synopsis 1917                                             
31. "The Ice Wagon", Acuin, A. P. 1934                                             
32. "The Seventh Story in Dakota" 1925                                             
33. Theater Clippings and Programs 1914-1916                                    
34. "Thorns of Success" Synopsis                                                                              

Box 11:
1. Tournament of Roses Parade Programs 1949-1952                                    
2. Wakeman Corresp., James and Josephine 1897-1899                                    
3. Wakeman Corresp., James and Josephine 1902-1921                                    
4. Wakeman Corresp., James and Josephine 1902-1940                                    
5. Wakeman Family History                                                                                      
6. Wakeman, James D., Death 1944                                             
7. Wakeman, James D., Penmanship 1864                                             
8. Wakeman, Josephine, Death 1940                                             
9. Wakeman, Josephine, Hospital Statement 1931                                             
10. Wakeman, Josephine, Telegrams on Death 1940                                     
11. Wakeman, M/M James D., Invitations 1880-1892                                    
12. Wakeman, M/M James D., Invitations 1877-1893                                    
13. Wakeman, M/M James D. Silver Anniversary  1899                                  
14. Who's Who in America 1923                                             
15. Women's Club House, New York 1924-1925                                    
23. Wakeman Account Book 1930-1941                                    

Box 12: Photographs 00001-00048
Box 13: Photographs 00049-00082
Box 14: Photographs 00083-00118

Loose:
Guest register of attendees at Aurora's fourth birthday party, August 16, 1948
(contains photograph 10114-00114)
                                                                             
Miscellaneous Oversize   1865-1941                                    

PHOTOGRAPHS INVENTORY

00001  Edith Wakeman Hughes walking down a driveway with a parasol and a dog, ca. 1915
00002  Edith Wakeman Hughes and Freda Jeanette Williams sitting on a bridge at Carleton College, Northfield (Minn.), 05/1892
00003  Edith Wakeman Hughes and Freda Jeanette Williams posing at Carleton College, Northfield (Minn.), 1892
00004  Edith Wakeman Hughes and Alice Peck on tennis court at Carleton College, Northfield (Minn.), 06/1892
00005  Edith Wakeman Hughes portrait, Irwin (Pa.), 07/1893
00006 - 00008  Edith Wakeman Hughes portrait, ca. 1880
00009 - 00011  Edith Wakeman Hughes portrait, ca. 1900
00012  Edith Wakeman Hughes sitting on a railing next to a statue, ca. 1915
00013  Edith Wakeman Hughes outdoors with a really large hat, Santa Barbara (Calif.), ca. 1915
00014  Edith Wakeman Hughes seated with two unidentified men, ca. 1920
00015  Edith Wakeman Hughes portrait, ca. 1920
00016  Edith Wakeman Hughes with a hoop, ca. 1910
00017  Edith Wakeman Hughes portrait, ca. 1910
00018  Edith Wakeman Hughes in the back of a rickshaw, ca. 1930
00019  Edith Wakeman Hughes wading in a lake, ca. 1920
00020  Edith Wakeman Hughes in a buggy, ca. 1920
00021  Edith Wakeman Hughes next to a spotlight, ca. 1940
00022  Edith Wakeman Hughes holding a tennis racket with unidentified woman , ca. 1910
00023  Edith Wakeman Hughes holding a tennis racket, ca. 1910
00024 - 00025  Edith Wakeman Hughes on a tennis court, ca. 1910
00026  Edith Wakeman Hughes with a unidentified man, ca. 1910
00027  Edith Wakeman Hughes in a car with unidentified woman, with tennis rackets, ca. 1910
00028  Edith Wakeman Hughes in the back of a car with a golf club, ca. 1910
00029  Edith Wakeman Hughes playing golf, ca. 1910
00030  Edith Wakeman Hughes playing golf, ca. 1920
00031  Trophies won by Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1900-1950
00032  Edith Wakeman Hughes riding horse with unidentified man, ca. 1920
00033  Edith Wakeman Hughes riding horse with unidentified men, ca. 1920
00034  Edith Wakeman Hughes deep sea fishing, ca. 1920
00035  Edith Wakeman Hughes with Hopi woman, possibly at Grand Canyon, ca. 1920
00036  Edith Wakeman Hughes with Hopi children, possibly at Grand Canyon, ca. 1920
00037  Edith Wakeman Hughes at rim of Grand Canyon, ca. 1920
00038  Edith Wakeman Hughes next to rickshaw, ca. 1920
00039  Edith Wakeman Hughes and unidentified woman, Yellowstone Park (Wyo.), ca. 1920
00040  Parents of Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1930
00041  J. D. Wakeman, Edith's father, ca. 1910
00042  Edith Wakeman Hughes and three unidentified children, 06/1911
00043  Painted portrait of Edith Wakeman Hughes by Nicholas Brewer, 1916
00044  Edith Wakeman Hughes seated outdoors, ca. 1930
00045  Edith Wakeman Hughes wearing a feathered hat, ca. 1930
00046  Edith Wakeman Hughes portrait, ca. 1920
00047 - 00048  Edith Wakeman Hughes in elaborate costume, ca. 1940
00049  Edith Wakeman Hughes and Emma Bronson, ca. 1900
00050  Arthur Lynn, ca. 1900
00051  Mable Marsh, Menoken (N.D.), ca. 1900
00052  Ellen Cook, Edith's aunt, ca. 1900
00053  Tina Griffin, Fairhaven (Wash.), ca. 1900
00054  Sadie Lauterman, Bismarck (N.D.), 05/1891
00055  Pearl Wanner, ca. 1900
00056  Mabel Maud Archibald, Jamestown (N.D.), 09/27/1894
00057 - 00058  Edith Wakeman Hughes with unidentified woman by Bismarck depot sign, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00059  Edith Wakeman Hughes by old North Dakota Capitol building, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00060 - 00061  Edith Wakeman Hughes and two unidentified people by Maltese Cross cabin, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00062  Edmond Hughes in costume at party, 1910
00063  Bismarck roller skate polo club, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1900
00064  Jim Edgerley, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1900
00065  Ida Prokop Lee with sculpture of Drags Wolf, Fort Berthold Reservation (N.D.), 10/09/1950
00066  Edith Wakeman Hughes next to car promoting her book, "Motoring in White", ca. 1920
00067  Hughes Electric Company sign, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1920
00068  Red Cross Canteen, N.P. Station, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1915
00069  James J. Hill in Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1915
00070  Burnt Creek, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00071  Exterior of Prince Hotel, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00072  Display inside lobby of Prince Hotel  Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00073 - 00077 Prince Hotel lobby, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00078  Room at the Prince Hotel, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00079 - 00080  Prince Hotel dining room, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00081  Prince Hotel business room, Bismarck (N.D.), ca. 1910
00082  A pig by two ceramic pigs, "This is the Original 'Aurora'", ca. 1930
00083  Edith Wakeman Hughes with unidentified woman, ca. 1910
00084  Edith Wakeman Hughes seated in a living room, ca. 1900
00085  Edith Wakeman Hughes seated on the edge of a pond, ca. 1910
00086  Edith Wakeman Hughes in a fur coat, ca. 1920
00087  Aurora the ceramic pig, ca. 1930-1950
00088  Aurora on a donation box, ca. 1930-1950
00089  Aurora floral float in a parade, ca. 1930-1950
00090  A live piglet next to ceramic pigs, ca. 1930-1950
00091  An unidentified man holding a birthday cake next to Aurora, ca. 1930-1950
00092  An unidentified man holding a ceramic pig next to Aurora, ca. 1930-1950
00093  Aurora surrounded by military members, ca. 1930-1950
00094  An unidentified woman sculpting Aurora, ca. 1930-1950
00095  Edith Wakeman Hughes and unidentified woman with ceramic pigs and a donation candle, ca. 1930-1950
00096  Edith Wakeman Hughes with a floral arrangement, ca. 1900
00097  Edith Wakeman Hughes with her father, in front of a large portrait of her, ca. 1940
00098 - 00103  Portrait of Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1920
00104  Portrait of Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1900
00105  Parents of Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1930
00106  Edith Wakeman Hughes in front of the Sphinx in Egypt, ca. 1920
00107  Portrait of Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1930
00108 - 00109  Portrait of Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1900
00110  Edith Wakeman Hughes and three unidentified women in furs, ca. 1920
00111  Portrait of Edith Wakeman Hughes, ca. 1910
00112  Edith Wakeman Hughes and Mrs. W. K. Vanderbilt, ca. 1920
00113  Portrait of Sam H. Clark, ca. 1900-1930
00114  Edith Wakeman Hughes and Joan Coulson placing lei around Aurora's neck, ca. 1950
00115 Birthday celebration for Mrs. J. D. Wakeman, Bismarck (N.D.) 1926-1927
00116 Dan Williams circa 1880
00117 Mrs. Dan Williams circa 1880
00118 E. H. Allison, noted Indian scout circa 1881

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